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Yoga Vashishtha 2.11.44–54
(Qualities of the good student and the Wise Teacher)
श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
प्रामाणिकस्य पृष्टस्य वक्तुरुत्तमचेतसः।
यत्नेन वचनं ग्राह्यमंशुकेनेव कुङ्कुमम् ॥ ४४ ॥
अतत्त्वज्ञमनादेयवचनं वाग्विदां वर ।
यः पृच्छति नरं तस्मान्नास्ति मूढतरोऽपरः ॥ ४५ ॥
प्रामाणिकस्य तज्ज्ञस्य वक्तुः पृष्टस्य यत्नतः ।
नानुतिष्ठति यो वाक्य नान्यस्तस्मान्नराधमः ॥ ४६ ॥
अज्ञतातज्ज्ञते पूर्व वक्तुर्निर्णीय कार्यतः।
यः करति नरः प्रश्नं प्रच्छकः स महामतिः ॥ ४७ ॥
अनिर्णीय प्रवक्तारं बालः प्रश्नं करोति यः ।
अधम प्रच्छकः स स्यान्न महार्थस्य भाजनम् ॥ ४८ ॥
पूर्वापरसमाधानक्षमबुद्धावनिन्दिते ।
पृष्टं प्राज्ञेन वक्तव्यं नाधमे पशुधर्मिणि ॥ ४९ ॥
प्रामाणिकार्थयोग्यत्वं प्रच्छकस्याविचार्य च ।
यो वक्ति तमिह प्राज्ञाः प्राहुर्मूढतरं नरम् ॥ ५० ॥
त्वमतीव गुणश्लाघी प्रच्छको रघुनन्दन।
अहं च वक्तुं जानामि समो योगोऽयमावयों ॥ ५१ ॥
यदहं वच्मि तद्यत्नात्त्वया शब्दार्थकोविद ।
एतद्वस्त्विति निर्णीय हृदि कार्यमखण्डितम् ॥ ५२ ॥
महानसि विरक्तोऽसि तत्त्वज्ञोऽसि जनस्थितौ ।
त्वयि चोक्तं लगत्यन्तः कुङ्कुमाम्बु यथांशुके ॥ ५३ ॥
उक्तावधानपरमा परमार्थविवेचिनी ।
विशत्यर्थं तव प्रज्ञा जलमध्यमिवार्कभाः ॥ ५४ ॥
Maharishi Vashishta said:
2.11.44: The words of a trustworthy and Wise speaker, when questioned, should be received with effort, like saffron on a cloth.
2.11.45: O best among the eloquent, there is no one more foolish than a person who questions someone ignorant of the Truth, whose words are not to be accepted.
2.11.46: There is no one more degraded than a person who does not follow the words of a trustworthy and knowledgeable speaker when questioned with effort.
2.11.47: A person who first discerns whether a speaker is ignorant or knowledgeable and then asks a question is a wise inquirer.
2.11.48: A childish person who asks a question without discerning the speaker’s worth is a low inquirer, unfit to receive profound meaning.
2.11.49: A Wise person should speak to an intelligent questioner with a faultless mind capable of resolving doubts, not to a base person with animal-like qualities.
2.11.50: The Wise call a person who speaks without considering the questioner’s worthiness a most foolish man.
2.11.51: O delight of the Raghu dynasty, you are an excellent questioner, full of virtues, and I know how to speak; this is a perfect match between us.
2.11.52: O skilled in words and their meanings, whatever I say, you should carefully determine as Truth and hold it unbroken in your heart.
2.11.53: You are great, detached, and knowledgeable about truth in human affairs; my words will sink into you like saffron water into a cloth.
2.11.54: Your Wisdom, supremely attentive and discerning of Ultimate Truth, absorbs meaning like sunlight entering the depths of water.
Summary of the Teachings:
These verses from the Yoga Vasishta, spoken by Sage Vasishta to Lord Rama, emphasize the importance of discernment in the process of inquiry and the exchange of Wisdom. The teachings underscore the value of seeking Knowledge from a trustworthy and Wise source. Vasishta stresses that the words of a credible and enlightened speaker should be received with earnest effort, likening them to precious saffron absorbed by a cloth. This metaphor highlights the need for a receptive and attentive mind to fully grasp profound teachings. Conversely, questioning someone ignorant or unreliable is deemed foolish, as their words lack truth and value, leading to wasted effort and misunderstanding.
The verses further elaborate on the qualities of the inquirer and the speaker. A wise questioner carefully evaluates the speaker’s knowledge before posing questions, ensuring that the inquiry is meaningful and fruitful. In contrast, an immature or undiscerning questioner who fails to assess the speaker’s worth is considered unfit to receive deep Wisdom. Similarly, a speaker must exercise judgment, sharing Knowledge only with those who have the intellectual capacity and sincerity to understand it. Addressing an unworthy or animal-like questioner is futile, as they lack the ability to comprehend or apply the teachings.
Vasishta also warns against speaking without considering the questioner’s readiness or worthiness, labeling such a speaker as foolish. This highlights the mutual responsibility in the teacher-student relationship: the Teacher must ensure their words are directed to a receptive and capable audience, while the student must approach the inquiry with discernment and respect for the Teacher’s Wisdom. The verses establish that effective communication of Knowledge requires a harmonious alignment between a qualified speaker and a worthy questioner, ensuring that the teachings are both delivered and received with clarity and purpose.
In addressing Rama directly, Vasishta praises his qualities as an ideal questioner—virtuous, detached, and knowledgeable. He encourages Rama to internalize the teachings with care, determining their Truth and holding them firmly in his heart. The imagery of saffron water and sunlight penetrating water illustrates Rama’s ability to absorb wisdom deeply due to his pure and attentive mind. This personalized guidance underscores the importance of a prepared and receptive mind in the pursuit of spiritual and philosophical understanding, positioning Rama as an exemplar of a true seeker.
Overall, these verses emphasize the sanctity of the Teacher-student dynamic in the pursuit of Truth. They advocate for discernment, sincerity, and mutual respect in the exchange of Knowledge, warning against careless inquiry or teaching. The teachings highlight that wisdom is most effectively transmitted when both the speaker and the questioner are aligned in their purpose and readiness, ensuring that profound truths are not only shared but also deeply understood and internalized. This framework serves as a guide for meaningful dialogue and spiritual growth, applicable to both the characters in the text and readers seeking Wisdom.
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